Design Research Methodology / Primary Data

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05.12.2022 - 06.09.2022 (Week 7 - Week 11)
Audrey Gracia Djohari / 0348120
Design Research Methodology
Bachelor of Design (Hons) in Creative Media / Taylor’s University
Project 3: Primary Data

LECTURES

- Data Collection

WEEK 7:

Data Collection Methods 
Tutorial Link: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=YJ-YX_AcomU

Figure xx: Data Collection Methods Video

INSTRUCTION


PRIMARY DATA

Instruction

Please place your with the chosen methodology and justification, data findings, and analysis in slides format sequentially. (Example: Phase 1 (Quantitative survey distribution), or Phase 2 (Qualitative - Online interview), or for those who have Phase 3 (Qualitative - Focus Group or Visual Analysis), etc.

In addition, the attached file is the description of the assignment requirement. I have also explained in the announcement of the Google Classroom stream that any late data from any late respondents, ought to consolidate the information in the final report reflection & compilation and presentation in the final week of this semester.

- Data Collection Methods

QUALITATIVE + QUALITATIVE

1. Qualitative Methodology: Focus Group

I will compare and contrast 2 COVID-19 applications from 2 different countries and hold a focus group consisting of 5 elderly people (aged 60 and above) to discuss how they see and feel about the app.

"A focus group is useful in analyzing a topic or getting an opinion on a predetermined topic for research. The information collected is used in making refinements to the product. With the help of focus groups, a company can collect information pertaining to what different groups or a set of people feel about a particular topic or a product. " The Economic Times: What is 'Focus Group'. (2022, June 18) Retrieved from https://economictimes.indiatimes.com/definition/focus-group

Pros & Cons:
Figure xx: Pros & Cons of Focus Group


2. Qualitative Methodology: Email Interview

I will be interviewing professional UI/UX designers through emails whose scope of work is relevant to my research area which is about elderly-friendly UI/UX design in a COVID-19 app.

"Therefore, email interviews allow for iterative, back-and-forth email conversations to clarify descriptive data, pursue further discovery, and ensure accuracy in describing the phenomenon from the perspective of the participants." (J. Hawkins, 2017)

Pros & Cons:

Figure xx: Pros & Cons of Email Interview


- Questions Draft

Week 10 Questions Draft

Figure xx: Week 10 Questions Draft, 12.06.2022

Week 11 Questions Draft (Final)

Figure xx: Week 11 Questions Draft (Final), 15.06.2022

I also translated the focus group questions into Bahasa Indonesia so that the respondents could understand it better.

Figure xx: Focus Group Questions in Bahasa Indonesia #1

Figure xx: Focus Group Questions in Bahasa Indonesia #2


- Respondents List

Focus Group Participants

For the focus group, I gathered elderly people from both Indonesia and Malaysia to compare and contrast the COVID-19 apps between the 2 countries. 

The Indonesian participants are my grandma and my grandma's friends. They were very kind throughout the interview and they also managed to answer all the questions well. While the Malaysian participants were Joanne and Loi who are 2 lovely senior citizens who work at Taylor's University. 
  • Tjong Mei Ying (76 y.o.) - PeduliLindungi (Indonesia)
  • Heuw Fransiska Susana (60 y.o.) - PeduliLindungi (Indonesia)
  • Kimkim (60 y.o.) - PeduliLindungi (Indonesia)
  • Joanne (65 y.o.) - MySejahtera (Malaysia)
  • Loi (64 y.o.) - MySejahtera (Malaysia)

Email Interview Respondents
Professionals that specialize in UI/UX design for apps, elderly-friendly design, and COVID-19 apps. Some of the names were authors of UI/UX blogs, some were found in LinkedIn, and some were Dr. Hayati's former students who are now working in UI/UX industry. 

No Reply:
  • Szymon Trzepla
  • Jeff Johnson
  • Roman Berezhnoi
  • Wafa Zahida
  • Sergei Plyuk
  • Bence Mózer
  • Dezgn Studio
  • Lava
  • Latitude Innovation
  • Entomo (KPISoft)
  • C-Speed
  • Nicole Yong

Replied:

  • Han from Snappymob
  • Shamin from Snappymob
  • Mr. Shamsul Hamimi
  • Hakim Nizam from Zensite
  • Ng Kian Chang

- PHASE I: Focus Group

Figure xx: Focus Group with Indonesian participants, 11.06.2022


Process
The focus group was conducted on 11th June 2022 via Zoom with 3 Indonesian participants, all of them are above 60 years old. The meeting lasted for 29 minutes.

Another focus group was also conducted face-to-face with the Malaysian participants on 16th June 2022 at Taylor's University. The interview lasted for 25 minutes.

I voice recorded all of the sessions and wrote their responses in the final presentation slide. It was a fun experience talking with the elderly about their view and what they feel about the COVID-19 apps they use. 


The 2 COVID-19 Apps
The 2 apps that are tested and used by the participants are:
1) PeduliLindungi (Indonesia)
2) MySejahtera (Malaysia)
Figure xx: The 2 COVID-19 Apps that are discussed in the focus group


Focus Group Sessions

There were 3 sessions in the focus group:
1) Questions BEFORE Using The COVID-19 App
2) App Trial
3) Questions AFTER Using The COVID-19 App

During the App Trial, all participants were asked to use the COVID-19 App and open 3 important features that the Interviewer instructed)


- PHASE II: Email Interview

Process

After designing the interview questions and gathering the respondent candidates. I created a Google Form so the respondents can answer the questions easily. By Week 12, I have sent the email interview to 15 experts in UI/UX design field.

Email Interview Questions (Google Form):
https://docs.google.com/forms/d/e/1FAIpQLSf0eMHrm2jrqj_EWKZuwSiVos_Wdopk--d7ZJxo0rDKujBoOg/viewform?usp=sf_link 

Then, I used the email template that Dr. Hayati provided and sent them to the respondents. 

Figure xx: Sent Email, 16.06.2022

Responses

5 people responded to my email, however, only 3 responses were qualified to be data and answered all my interview questions correctly. 

Figure xx: Email Interview Responses, 19.06.2022

- Final Primary Data Presentation


Figure xx: Primary Data Final Presentation, 19.06.2022

FEEDBACK


WEEK 9:
  • Focus Group is rich data. But it’s important to be able to manage the flow of the interview and be able to convey the questions to the responders.
WEEK 10:
  • When you’re conducting the focus group with the elderly, make sure that you use the words that they understand. Some elderly people may be techno-savvy but not all. So make sure to explain further so the questions can be conveyed well.
WEEK 11:
  • The deadline for assignment 4 is moved to Week 15. 
  • Update your tutorial feedback form because it will be assessed also.
WEEK 12:

Specific Feedback
  • When studying an app, it is important to have the notion that there’s so much that you want to know. The research must be more complex and in-depth.
  • When you compare and contrast the two different apps make sure that you stay objective because you are the one who knows the differences between the apps.
  • If you don’t have enough data now, then you can add it before the next semester starts
General Feedback
  • In your final review, write your journey honestly about the challenges, and struggles of this project. If needed, you can add screenshots and images of the important things. Rewrite the report, and compile all the references. Put it into a report format.

REFLECTION


Experience
Throughout this module, I enjoyed doing Primary Data Collection the most. I had never imagined I would be interviewing elderly people about UI/UX design and turns out it was fun chatting and discussing with them. It felt scary at first when I had to reach out to them for the first time especially the Malaysian participants as I didn't know them personally before. 

Observation
I observed that it's very important to rethink the interview questions (their purpose, if they can be understood by the respondents, and if the questions will answer our research objectives). I also observed how the qualitative method can lead us to in-depth answers because we got to listen to the opinions, preferences, and feelings of the participants directly.

Findings
One thing that I found out during this data collection was that elderly people are capable of learning new things. They are more resilient than I thought and they are capable of using apps as long as there's clear instruction (it can be from the app itself or from somebody who helps them). I also found out from the UI/UX experts that making a UI/UX design for an app is all about trials and errors. It's very good to interview the users, but we still need to try the app on them over and over again to create the best interface. 
 


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